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Three ways ChatGPT helps me in my academic writing
SCI各部分怎么用正确的时态?
- 📻摘要(Abstract)
在摘要部分,时态的选用主要以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。
. - 引言(Introduction)
通常而言,引言这部分得包含那些已被广泛认可为事实的背景资料,以此来说明本研究的重要性。在表述现状或者背景相关内容时,由于这些往往属于某个领域的常识或者客观知识,所以一般要用一般现在时。要是涉及具体的引用内容,那就得使用一般过去时了。
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倘若要叙述研究目的的话,那么一般过去时或者一般现在时都是可以用的。而如果想表达某些领域里的技术发展趋势,又或者是某些事件对当下所产生的影响,这种情况下通常会采用现在完成时。
. - 方法(Methods)
这一部分主要是对研究所运用的方法、材料以及具体过程进行详细的阐述,所以大多时候要使用过去时。毕竟是在描述之前做研究时所开展的工作嘛,所以基本上用的都是一般过去时。要是涉及连续的实验过程,在描述某个过程之前已经发生过的其他过程时,那就得使用过去完成时了。要是叙述实验过程中正在进行的动作,那就需要运用过去进行时了。
. - 结果(Results)
在描述研究结果的时候,因为这些结果是在写作之前就已经得出来的,属于过去研究所产生的结果,所以要用过去时。不过呢,要是单纯描述结果的呈现形式,比如说是图或者表,又或者直接以图或表作为主语的时候,由于这是在写作当时所发生的事,所以得使用一般现在时。
. - 讨论(Discussion)
根据所讨论结果的不同情况,相应需要选用的时态也不一样。当依据实验结果来引申出结论的时候,建议使用一般现在时。要是对 “结果(Results)” 部分所描述的结果进行更为深入的分析和讨论,阐述这些结果所具有的意义时,同样也是用一般现在时。
常用过渡
因此 | 转折 | 首先/然后/同时/最终 |
---|---|---|
Therefore | However | Firstly |
Hence | Nevertheless | Initially |
Accordingly | Yet | Secondly |
Consequently | But | Afterwards |
Ergo | Whereas | Then |
Thus | Nonetheless | And then |
On this account | While | After that |
On account of this | What is more, (更重要的是) | Next / follow |
Hereupon | Despite progress(尽管取得了进展:表示尽管已经取得了一些进展,但仍然存在问题或困难。) | Whereafter (随后) |
As such | In any case, (无论如何、无论如何的情况下、或者无论怎样) | Therewith (随后) |
With this objective in mind (有了这个目标) | Otherwise (否则) | Subsequently (随后) |
Undoubtedly, (毫无疑问地) | Simultaneously / Concurrently (同时地) | |
For this reason (因此,由于这个原因) | Finally | |
In that case (考虑到那个情况,因此) | Ultimately | |
Eventually |
相反 | 为了…. | 在本研究中 |
---|---|---|
In contrast, | To gain insight into the hydrate structure evolution during dissociation, | In this work |
Conversely | To elucidate the effects of the fluid flow, | In this paper |
Contrarily, | With aim to characterize XXX, | In the present work |
On the contrary | For clarity, 为清楚起见 | Here/Herein |
To make this explicit 为了说明这一点 | ||
For this purpose 为了这个目的:用于表示为了特定目的或目标而做某事。 | ||
In the pursuit of accurate phase equilibrium predictions, 为了准确预测相平衡, |
如图所示 | 此时/目前/迄今/现在/最近 | 其他 |
---|---|---|
As illustrated in Fig. 1, | At this point | As mentioned above, (如上所述) |
As shown in Fig. 1, | In this context (在这种情境下:指在特定的背景、环境或情况下。) | In conclusion,总之 |
As can be observed in Fig. 1, | At present | |
As depicted in Fig. 1, | Currently | |
As per Fig. 1, | Nowadays | |
As marked by the yellow circle in Figure 2(B), | In recent years / In recent decades | |
From the phase distribution diagram in Figure S11(a), | Recently / In recent / More recently | |
As can be seen from the dissociation rate heat map, | Until now / To date | |
Figure 2(D) summarises… | Hereafter adv. (法律文件等)以下;今后,此后;死后 | |
As demonstrated in Fig. 1, |
修饰语句
许多、大量 | ||
---|---|---|
A vast number of | a variety of (各种各样的:指多种不同的事物或选择。) | |
A large amount of | 大量的(接不可数名词) | |
Substantial | a series of (一系列,一连串:指一组或一系列相关的事物或事件。) | |
Numerous | a battery of (一系列:一组相似类型的事物。) | |
a plethora of | 大量的,丰富的:表示有很多的某种事物,通常带有贬义或夸张的语气。 |
引言常用
句型 | 解释 |
---|---|
In addressing the challenges of…, A has emerged as a promising … | 应对……的挑战。, A已成为一个有前途的…… |
, have raised questions about … | 提出质疑 |
play a crucial role in | 在……中起着至关重要的作用 |
it is indispensable to figure out A and B | 弄清楚A和B是必不可少的 |
There is a necessity for further… | 有必要进一步…… |
Therefore, it is of great significance to investigate … to provide a better understanding of …. | 因此,研究…,对于更好地了解 ….. 具有重要意义。 |
Especially, the significance of the role of A on B have been rarely highlighted. | 特别是A对B的作用的重要性很少被强调。 |
As a result of all these facts, | 综上所述, |
Currently, much attention of the scientific community and the xxx industry is focused on the structural, physical and thermodynamic properties of yyy. | 目前,科学界和xxx行业非常关注yyy的结构、物理和热力学性质。 |
To the best of our knowledge, | 据我们所知:根据我们目前所了解的信息。 |
The explanation set forth was that … | 所提出的解释是…… |
It was, however, shown that this research was extremely limited, | 然而,事实证明,这项研究非常有限, |
It is noteworthy to mention that … | 值得注意的是…… |
it can be mentioned that … | 值得一提的是…… |
It should be noted that … | 应该指出的是…… |
It was concluded that … | 结论是…… |
extensive research has been conducted to explore the … | 已经进行了广泛的研究来探索…… |
Current state-of-the-art simulations | 当前最先进的模拟 |
In this context, | 在这种情境下:指在特定的背景、环境或情况下。 |
Given the shortcomings associated with DFT-based simulations, | 考虑到基于dft的模拟的缺点, |
In a seminal work | 在一部开创性的著作中 |
This is a daunting task to accomplish for … | 这是一项艰巨的任务…… |
讨论常用
语句 | 解释 |
---|---|
Before going further into detail, | 在深入讨论细节之前, |
As an alternative to GA and GP, | 作为GA和GP的替代品, |
Strictly speaking, | 严格来说 |
Key Points for Cover Letter
Why is this topic important? (研究重要性)
What is the key result? (主要结果)
What is the significance of your result? (结果的意义)
How does it advance the field? (结果对领域的发展)
Why does your paper fit this journal? (为什么选择该期刊)
Do NOT copy the Abstract (不要复制摘要)
Do NOT oversell (不要过渡推销)
Any disclosures?(conflicts of interest, relatedunpublished papers, prior submission, reviewers etc.)
Keep it succinct! (保持简洁)
一个Cover Letter例子
The Abstract - Keep it Simple!
Reason and Importance of Research
Simple Introduction to Procedure
Brief Description of the Experiment
Overview of the Results
Familar keywords, Omit Abbreviations
7-10 sentences- No citations- No abbreviations- Findings first